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Chapter 11


  • largest land-based state in history
  • great engineers and extremely good learners who changed the world more than any other super power
  • they could run over the brutally cold lands of Siberia and the brutally hot lands of Arabia
  • A lot of tech ( dissipation of gun powder, paper, and printing press) happened as a direct result of their conquests
  • Helped shape the world we live in today
  • they were extremely innovative and played on key weaknesses of their opponents 
  • built a spectacular international postal system through a big chunk of Eurasia
  • created standardized bank notes and paper currencies long before Europe
  • Free trade are that connected most of the world
  • built religious tolerance that spanned all religions they knew
  • sciences, astronomy, engineering, and math exploded in mongol era
  • constant thirst for knowledge & quick learners 
  • spread whatever they learned from various cultures
  • .5 men related to GK in the world
  • very effective military 
  • infrastructure for ideas
  • accepting of homosexuality 
  • women had a lot of rights 

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Chapter 12

A. Paleolithic Persistence: Australia and North America    1. Gatherers and hunters have a history, too    2. Manipulation of the environment and trade    3. “Complex” or “affluent” gatherers and hunters B. Agricultural Village Societies: The Igbo and the Iroquois    1. Egalitarian kinship societies without state systems    2. “The Igbo have no king” but they did trade    3. Great Law of Peace of th e Five Nations C. Pastoral Peoples: Central Asia and West Africa    1. Timur/Tamerlame (d. 1405)    2. Samarkand    3. Fulbe II. Civilizations of the Fifteenth Century: Comparing China and Europe   A. Ming Dynasty China      1. Emperor Yongle (r. 1402–1422)      2.Confucianism and anti-Mongol policies      3. Economic boom      4. Zheng He’s voyages (1405–1433)  B. European Compari...